Nanopartículas: pequeñas aliadas frente al estrés en cultivos agrícolas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47633/oriolus1.1-6Keywords:
Estrés vegetal, metales pesados, nanomateriales, salinidad, suelos agrícolasAbstract
La salinidad del suelo y la contaminación por metales pesados, provocada por la acumulación de elementos químicos tóxicos para las plantas, representan dos de los principales factores que limitan la productividad agrícola a nivel mundial. Estas condiciones generan estrés en los cultivos afectando su crecimiento, rendimiento y calidad. En los últimos años, la nanotecnología agrícola, ha surgido como una estrategia innovadora para ayudar a las plantas a enfrentar estos escenarios desfavorables. Diversos estudios muestran que ciertas nanopartículas pueden mejorar la absorción de agua y nutrientes, activar mecanismos de defensa y reducir la acumulación de metales tóxicos en los tejidos vegetales. Este artículo explica, de manera sencilla, cómo el estrés afecta a las plantas y presenta a las nanopartículas como aliadas en la agricultura para mejorar los cultivos en condiciones adversas.
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