:root{--accent:#205d83;--bg:#fff;--paper:#fff;--ink:#202e3a;--muted:#647586;--border:#d9e2e8;--reading-width:790px;--radius:10px}
*,*:before,*:after{box-sizing:border-box}body{margin:0;background:var(--bg);color:var(--ink);font:17px/1.72 system-ui,-apple-system,"Segoe UI",sans-serif}a{color:var(--accent);overflow-wrap:anywhere}a:focus-visible{outline:3px solid var(--accent);outline-offset:3px}.shell{max-width:1100px;margin:auto}.mast{background:var(--accent);padding:1.1rem 2rem;color:white}.mast a{color:white;text-decoration:none;font-weight:650;letter-spacing:.01em}main{padding:2.5rem clamp(1rem,5vw,4rem)}article{max-width:var(--reading-width);margin:auto}h1,h2,h3{line-height:1.27;overflow-wrap:anywhere}h1{font-size:clamp(2rem,4vw,3.2rem);letter-spacing:-.03em;margin:.5rem 0 1rem}h2{font-size:1.45rem;margin:2.4rem 0 .8rem}h3{font-size:1.15rem}.eyebrow{text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--accent);font-size:.75rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.1em}.article-head{border-bottom:1px solid var(--border);padding-bottom:1.8rem}.subtitle{font-size:1.2rem}.authors{font-weight:600}.author:not(:last-child):after{content:" ·"}.muted{color:var(--muted)}.abstract{background:#f5f8fa;border-inline-start:4px solid var(--accent);padding:1rem 1.5rem;margin-top:2rem}.formats{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.6rem;padding:1.4rem 0;margin:1.4rem 0;border-top:1px solid var(--border);border-bottom:1px solid var(--border)}.formats a{padding:.25rem .8rem;border:1px solid var(--border);border-radius:var(--radius);text-decoration:none}.fulltext{min-width:0;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.fulltext img{max-width:100%;height:auto;display:block;margin-inline:auto}.fulltext figure{margin:2rem 0}.fulltext figcaption{font-size:.9rem;color:var(--muted);margin:.6rem 0}.fulltext table{display:block;overflow-x:auto;border-collapse:collapse;width:max-content;max-width:100%}.fulltext th,.fulltext td{border:1px solid var(--border);padding:.5rem}.fulltext pre{overflow-x:auto}.biographies,.references{border-top:1px solid var(--border);margin-top:3rem;padding-top:1rem}.references li{padding-bottom:.7rem;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.article-footer{border-top:1px solid var(--border);margin-top:3rem;padding-top:1rem;color:var(--muted);font-size:.9rem}html[dir="rtl"] .abstract{border-inline-start:4px solid var(--accent)}@media(max-width:600px){body{font-size:16px}.mast{padding:1rem}.abstract{padding:1rem}main{padding:1.3rem 1rem}h1{font-size:2rem}}@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){*,*:before,*:after{scroll-behavior:auto!important;animation:none!important}}

/* Multilingual article presentation: alternative titles exactly half the computed h1 size. */
.article-head{--title-size:clamp(2rem,4vw,3.2rem)}
.article-head h1{font-size:var(--title-size);margin-bottom:.45rem}
.article-head .alternative-title{font-size:calc(var(--title-size)*.5);font-weight:500;line-height:1.35;letter-spacing:-.01em;margin:.35rem 0 .65rem;overflow-wrap:anywhere;color:var(--muted)}
.abstract-alternative{margin-top:1rem;background:#f9fbfc}
.language-code{font-size:.73em;color:var(--muted);font-weight:400;text-transform:lowercase}
.author-affiliation,.author-orcid{font-size:.9rem;margin:.25rem 0;color:var(--muted)}
.keywords-alternative{border-top:1px solid var(--border);padding-top:.5rem}
[dir=rtl]{text-align:start}
@media(max-width:600px){.article-head{--title-size:2rem}}

/* 0.2.1: main and localized subtitles/titles use 80% of the H1 size. */
.article-head .subtitle,.article-head .alternative-title{font-size:calc(var(--title-size)*.8);line-height:1.3;font-weight:500;letter-spacing:-.015em;margin:.35rem 0 .7rem;color:var(--muted)}
.article-head .subtitle-alternative{font-size:calc(var(--title-size)*.8)}
.author{display:inline-block;white-space:normal;margin-inline-end:.5rem}
.id-icon{display:inline-flex;vertical-align:middle;align-items:center;justify-content:center;text-decoration:none;font:bold .65rem/1 system-ui,sans-serif;padding:.12rem .23rem;white-space:nowrap;border-radius:999px;position:relative;top:-.1em}
.orcid-icon{background:#a6ce39;color:#172100;min-width:1.35rem;min-height:1.35rem}
.ror-icon{background:#e7f0fa;color:#245ca6;border-radius:.25rem;border:1px solid #a5c4e7;font-size:.63rem;min-height:1.25rem}
.id-icon:focus-visible{outline:3px solid var(--accent);outline-offset:3px}
.affiliation-author{font-weight:600}
.author-affiliation{line-height:1.5}

/* v0.2.2: compact italic translations and author-first affiliation listing */
.article-head .alternative-heading{font-size:calc(var(--title-size)*.5);font-style:italic;font-weight:400;line-height:1.4;letter-spacing:0;margin:.4rem 0 1.1rem;color:var(--muted)}
.article-head .alternative-heading em{font-style:inherit}
.authors{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:1.4rem 0;display:grid;gap:1rem}
.author-entry{padding:0;margin:0}
.author-name{font-size:1rem;font-weight:650;line-height:1.5}
.author-affiliations{list-style:none;margin:.2rem 0 0;padding:0;font-size:.9rem;color:var(--muted);font-weight:400}
.author-affiliations li{padding:0;margin:.18rem 0;line-height:1.5}
.author-affiliations li::before{content:"— ";color:var(--muted)}
.doi a{overflow-wrap:anywhere}
@media(max-width:600px){.article-head .alternative-heading{font-size:calc(var(--title-size)*.55)}}

/* 0.2.3 editorial metadata presentation */
.keyword-values{font-style:italic}
.contributor-role{font-weight:400;color:var(--muted);font-size:.9em}
.author-affiliations{margin:.16rem 0;font-size:.9rem;line-height:1.5;display:block}
.affiliation-separator{white-space:pre-wrap}
.author-credit{margin:.24rem 0 0;font-size:.87rem;line-height:1.5;font-weight:400;color:var(--muted)}
.credit-mark{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:.3rem;color:var(--accent);font-weight:700;text-decoration:none}
.credit-mark-symbol{display:inline-grid;place-items:center;width:1.22rem;height:1.22rem;border:2px solid currentColor;border-radius:50%;font-size:.67rem;line-height:1}
.credit-mark:hover{text-decoration:underline}

/* 0.3.0: per-journal theme and font size, independent of OJS frontend theme */
body.scholarly-article{font-size:var(--body-font-size,17px)}
body.theme-classic{font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;--reading-width:760px;--radius:2px}
body.theme-classic h1,body.theme-classic h2{letter-spacing:0}
body.theme-classic .abstract{background:#faf9f6}
body.theme-minimal{font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;--reading-width:750px;--radius:0px}
body.theme-minimal .mast{background:transparent;border-bottom:2px solid var(--accent)}
body.theme-minimal .mast a{color:var(--accent)}
body.theme-minimal .abstract{background:transparent;padding-inline:1rem}
@media(max-width:600px){body.scholarly-article{font-size:clamp(15px,var(--body-font-size,17px),19px)}}

/* 0.3.2 journal identity and metadata blocks */
.mast{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.5rem 1.2rem;align-items:baseline;justify-content:space-between}
.journal-issns{font-size:.8rem;font-weight:400;opacity:.85}
.article-section{display:inline-block;padding:.25rem .7rem;border-inline-start:3px solid var(--accent);background:#f0f3f5;font-weight:600;margin:0 0 .75rem}
.article-categories{margin-top:1rem}.article-categories a{display:inline-block;margin-inline-end:.6rem}
.article-stats{padding:.75rem 1rem;border-top:1px solid #ddd;border-bottom:1px solid #ddd;margin:1.5rem 0}
.article-stats h2{font-size:1.05rem;margin:0 0 .3rem}
@media(max-width:600px){.mast{display:block}.journal-issns{display:block;margin-top:.5rem}}

/* 0.3.3: rights, license and citation (responsive, theme-independent) */
.article-footer{display:grid;gap:1.25rem}.article-footer h2{font-size:1.15rem;margin:0 0 .65rem;color:var(--ink)}.article-footer p{margin:.4rem 0}.license-badge{display:inline-block;width:88px;height:31px;max-width:100%;object-fit:contain}.how-to-cite{border-top:1px solid var(--border);padding-top:1rem;margin-top:2.5rem}.citation-note{color:var(--muted);font-size:.78rem}.license,.rights{overflow-wrap:anywhere}@media(max-width:600px){.article-footer{gap:1rem}}

/* 0.3.4.2 visual and accessibility refinements */
body.scholarly-article{font-family:var(--article-font,system-ui,sans-serif)}
.scholarly-article a{color:var(--link-color,var(--accent))}
.scholarly-article .mast a{color:#fff}
.scholarly-article.theme-minimal .mast a{color:var(--link-color,var(--accent))}
.scholarly-article .brand-icon{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;max-width:18px;max-height:18px}
.scholarly-article .id-icon:has(img){background:transparent;border:0;padding:0}
.article-toc{margin:1.4rem 0 2rem;border:1px solid var(--border);border-radius:var(--radius);padding:1rem;}
.article-toc summary{cursor:pointer;font-weight:650;color:var(--ink)}
.article-toc summary:focus-visible{outline:3px solid var(--accent);outline-offset:4px}
.article-toc ol{margin:.7rem 0 0;padding-inline-start:1.6rem}
.article-toc li{margin:.3rem 0;line-height:1.4}
.article-toc .toc-level-3{margin-inline-start:1rem;font-size:.93em}
.article-toc .toc-level-4{margin-inline-start:2rem;font-size:.9em}
.fulltext [id]{scroll-margin-top:1.5rem}
@media(max-width:600px){.article-toc{padding:.75rem}.article-toc .toc-level-4{margin-inline-start:1rem}}

/* v0.3.4.3: dependable ORCID mark and official CRediT icon dimensions */
.scholarly-article .orcid-id-mark{display:inline-grid;place-items:center;width:19px;height:19px;border-radius:50%;background:#a6ce39;color:#fff;font:700 12px/1 Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:-.04em}
.scholarly-article .credit-brand-icon{width:19px;height:19px;vertical-align:middle;object-fit:contain;display:inline-block}
.scholarly-article .orcid-icon{background:transparent;padding:0;min-height:19px;min-width:19px}

/* v0.3.4.4: MathML Core and compact CRediT identification */
.scholarly-article .fulltext math {
  font-size: 1.08em; max-width: 100%;
}
.scholarly-article .fulltext math[display="block"] {
  display: block; margin-block: 1.2rem; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden;
  padding-block: .35rem; text-align: center;
}
.scholarly-article .fulltext :is(.equation, .math-display) {
  max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden;
}
.scholarly-article .author-credit .credit-mark {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; vertical-align: middle;
  gap: .3rem; line-height: 1.2;
}
.scholarly-article .author-credit .credit-brand-icon {
  display: block; width: 16px; height: 16px; min-width: 16px;
  max-width: 16px; max-height: 16px; object-fit: contain;
  flex: 0 0 16px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: 0;
}

/* 0.3.4.5: centered scientific media without destroying native MathML semantics. */
.fulltext figure {text-align:center;margin-inline:auto;max-width:100%}
.fulltext figure img,.fulltext > img {display:block;margin-inline:auto;max-width:100%;height:auto}
.fulltext figcaption{text-align:center}
.fulltext math[display="block"],.fulltext .equation math {display:block;text-align:center;margin:1rem auto}
.fulltext math:not([display="inline"]) {max-width:100%;overflow-x:auto;overflow-y:hidden}
.fulltext .equation,.fulltext .math-display {text-align:center;max-width:100%;overflow-x:auto}
.fulltext table {margin-inline:auto;text-align:start;max-width:100%;overflow-x:auto}
.fulltext .table-wrap{max-width:100%;overflow-x:auto;text-align:center}
.fulltext .table-wrap table{margin-inline:auto}
@media(max-width:600px){.fulltext figure{margin-inline:0}.fulltext math{max-width:100%}}

/* 0.3.4.6: legacy editorial markup and semantic HTML5. */
.scholarly-article .fulltext figure,
.scholarly-article .fulltext .figure,
.scholarly-article .fulltext p:has(> img) {text-align:center;max-width:100%;margin-inline:auto}
.scholarly-article .fulltext img {display:block;max-width:100%;height:auto;margin-inline:auto}
.scholarly-article .fulltext figure figcaption,
.scholarly-article .fulltext caption {text-align:center}
.scholarly-article .fulltext table {display:table;width:max-content;max-width:100%;margin:1.5rem auto;border-collapse:collapse}
.scholarly-article .fulltext :is(.table-wrap,.table-wrapper) {display:block;overflow-x:auto;max-width:100%;margin-inline:auto}
.scholarly-article .fulltext :is(.table-wrap,.table-wrapper) table {margin-inline:auto}
.scholarly-article .fulltext math[display="block"],
.scholarly-article .fulltext :is(.equation,.math-display) math,
.scholarly-article .fulltext p:has(> math:only-child) math {display:block;text-align:center;margin:1rem auto;max-width:100%;overflow-x:auto}
.scholarly-article .fulltext p:has(> math:only-child) {text-align:center}
@media(max-width:600px){.scholarly-article .fulltext :is(.table-wrap,.table-wrapper){overflow-x:auto}}

/* Galerada HTML 0.3.4.7: keyboard-accessible reading preferences. */
.skip-to-content{position:absolute;left:-9999px;top:0;z-index:999;background:#fff;color:#000;padding:.7rem 1rem}
.skip-to-content:focus{left:1rem;top:1rem}
.reader-panel{max-width:var(--reading-width, 850px);margin:.7rem auto;padding:0 clamp(1rem,5vw,4rem)}
.reader-panel details{border:1px solid var(--border);border-radius:var(--radius);padding:.5rem .85rem}
.reader-panel summary{cursor:pointer;font-weight:650;color:var(--ink)}
.reader-controls{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(10rem,1fr) minmax(8rem,1fr);align-items:center;gap:.8rem 1rem;padding:.8rem 0}
.reader-controls label{font-size:.95rem}.reader-controls input[type=range]{width:100%}
.reader-controls select,.reader-controls button{font:inherit;padding:.4rem;min-height:2.75rem;border:1px solid var(--border);border-radius:.3rem;background:var(--bg);color:var(--ink)}
.reader-check{grid-column:1/-1}.reader-check input{min-width:1.1rem;min-height:1.1rem}
.reader-controls button{grid-column:1/-1;cursor:pointer}
.reader-panel :focus-visible{outline:3px solid var(--accent);outline-offset:3px}
@media(max-width:600px){.reader-controls{grid-template-columns:1fr}}
/* Font zoom uses a multiplier relative to the browser's base size, not fixed pixels. */
html{font-size:calc(100% * var(--reader-scale,1))}
body.scholarly-article{font-size:1.0625rem}
html[data-reader-spacing="wide"] .fulltext{line-height:2;letter-spacing:.06em;word-spacing:.12em}
html[data-reader-spacing="wide"] .fulltext p{margin-block:1.25em}
html[data-reader-links="true"] .fulltext a,html[data-reader-links="true"] .references a{text-decoration:underline 2px!important;text-underline-offset:.16em}
html[data-reader-focus="true"] .abstract,html[data-reader-focus="true"] .alternative-abstracts,html[data-reader-focus="true"] .article-head,html[data-reader-focus="true"] .formats,html[data-reader-focus="true"] .article-toc,html[data-reader-focus="true"] .biographies,html[data-reader-focus="true"] .how-to-cite,html[data-reader-focus="true"] .article-footer{display:none}
html[data-reader-focus="true"] .fulltext{margin-top:1.5rem}
html[data-reader-contrast="high"] body{--bg:#000!important;--ink:#fff!important;--muted:#f5f5f5!important;--border:#fff!important;--accent:#ffea00!important;background:#000!important;color:#fff!important}
html[data-reader-contrast="high"] a{color:#ffea00!important}
html[data-reader-contrast="high"] .abstract{background:#000!important;color:#fff!important}
html[data-reader-contrast="high"] .mast{background:#000!important;border-bottom:2px solid #fff}
html[data-reader-contrast="dark"] body{--bg:#15202b!important;--ink:#eff4fa!important;--muted:#cad3df!important;--border:#718096!important;--accent:#98d4ff!important;background:#15202b!important;color:#eff4fa!important}
html[data-reader-contrast="dark"] a{color:#98d4ff!important}
html[data-reader-contrast="dark"] .abstract{background:#213144!important;color:#eff4fa!important}
html[data-reader-contrast="dark"] .mast{background:#263b50!important}

/* 0.3.4.7.3 — two-column scholarly layout with mobile single-column reflow. */
.shell{max-width:1400px}
main{padding:2rem clamp(1rem,3vw,3rem)}
main article{max-width:none;margin-inline:auto}
.article-head,.how-to-cite{max-width:1100px;margin-inline:auto}
.article-layout{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) minmax(15rem,19rem);gap:clamp(1rem,3vw,2.5rem);align-items:start;max-width:1300px;margin:1.25rem auto}
.article-primary{grid-column:1;grid-row:1;min-width:0;max-width:100%}
.article-sidebar{grid-column:2;grid-row:1;min-width:0;display:grid;gap:1rem;align-content:start}
.article-sidebar .reader-panel{margin:0;padding:0;max-width:none}
.article-sidebar .reader-controls{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr)}
.article-sidebar .reader-controls>*{min-width:0}
.article-sidebar .article-toc{margin:0;min-width:0}
.article-sidebar :is(.rights,.license){margin:0;border:1px solid var(--border);border-radius:var(--radius);padding:.8rem 1rem;min-width:0;overflow-wrap:anywhere}
.article-sidebar :is(.rights,.license) h2{font-size:1.12rem;margin:0 0 .5rem}
.article-sidebar .license-badge{max-width:100%;height:auto}
.how-to-cite{border:1px solid var(--border);border-radius:var(--radius);padding:1rem 1.2rem;margin-top:1.3rem}
.how-to-cite h2{margin:0 0 .7rem}
.uploaded-footer-box{max-width:1300px;margin:2.5rem auto 0;border:1px solid var(--border);border-radius:var(--radius);padding:clamp(1rem,2vw,1.6rem);background:var(--paper);min-width:0;overflow-wrap:anywhere}
.uploaded-footer-box .uploaded-footer-content{min-width:0;overflow-wrap:anywhere}
.uploaded-footer-box footer{display:block;max-width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;color:inherit}
.uploaded-footer-box img{display:block;max-width:100%;height:auto;margin:.75rem auto}
.uploaded-footer-box table{display:block;max-width:100%;overflow-x:auto}
.uploaded-footer-box :is(p,figure,div){max-width:100%}
@media(max-width:850px){.article-layout{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.article-sidebar{width:100%;order:0}.article-primary{width:100%;order:1}.reader-controls{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr)}main{padding:1.1rem 1rem}}
@media(min-width:851px) and (max-width:1080px){.article-layout{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) minmax(13rem,16rem)}}
/* At 200% zoom, reduce to one column before side content becomes too narrow. */
@media(max-width:1100px){html[data-reader-scale="2"] .article-layout{display:flex;flex-direction:column}}
/* Focus mode keeps preferences available and preserves content/footer access. */
html[data-reader-focus="true"] .article-sidebar .reader-panel{display:block}
html[data-reader-focus="true"] .uploaded-footer-box{display:block}
html[data-reader-contrast="high"] .uploaded-footer-box{background:#000;color:#fff}
html[data-reader-contrast="dark"] .uploaded-footer-box{background:#15202b;color:#eff4fa}

/* v0.4.0: header starts in the left grid track; metadata/actions start alongside it. */
.article-layout{margin-top:0;align-items:start}
.article-primary .article-head{max-width:none;margin:0 0 1.25rem}
.article-sidebar .editorial-details{border:1px solid var(--border);border-radius:var(--radius);padding:1rem 1.1rem;min-width:0;overflow-wrap:anywhere;background:var(--paper)}
.article-sidebar .editorial-details p{margin:.3rem 0 .8rem}
.article-sidebar .editorial-details p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
.article-sidebar .editorial-section{margin-bottom:.8rem}
.article-sidebar .editorial-section .article-section{display:block;background:transparent;border:0;margin:.25rem 0;padding:0;font-weight:400}
.article-sidebar .how-to-cite{max-width:none;margin:0}
.article-primary .abstract-keyword-card{margin:1.15rem 0;padding:1rem 1.3rem;min-width:0;overflow-wrap:anywhere}
.abstract-keyword-card h2{margin:.2rem 0 .65rem}
.abstract-keyword-card .card-keywords{border-top:1px solid var(--border);padding-top:.7rem;margin-top:1rem}
.abstract-keyword-card .card-keywords h3{margin:.1rem 0 .3rem;font-size:1rem}
.abstract-keyword-card .card-keywords p{margin:.2rem 0}
@media(max-width:850px){.article-sidebar{order:0}.article-primary{order:1}.article-layout{gap:1rem}}
html[data-reader-contrast="high"] .editorial-details{background:#000;color:#fff}
html[data-reader-contrast="dark"] .editorial-details{background:#213144;color:#eff4fa}

/* v0.4.1 editorial layout and basic speech controls. */
.article-primary .article-head .how-to-cite{margin:1rem 0 1.5rem;background:color-mix(in srgb,var(--accent) 5%,var(--paper));border:1px solid var(--border);padding:1rem 1.2rem}
.article-primary .article-head .how-to-cite h2{font-size:1.05rem}
.article-section-top{display:inline-block;margin:0 0 .6rem;padding:.28rem .7rem;background:var(--paper);border-inline-start:3px solid var(--accent);font-weight:650}
.editorial-details .editorial-value{display:block;margin-top:.3rem}
.article-sidebar .editorial-section .article-section{display:inline;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;background:transparent}
.speech-panel{border:1px solid var(--border);border-radius:var(--radius);padding:1rem;min-width:0}
.speech-panel h2{font-size:1.1rem;margin:0 0 .65rem}
.speech-controls{display:grid;gap:.45rem}.speech-controls label{font-weight:600;font-size:.9rem}
.speech-controls select,.speech-actions button{font:inherit;color:var(--ink);background:var(--bg);border:1px solid var(--border);border-radius:.35rem;min-height:2.75rem;padding:.35rem .55rem;max-width:100%}
.speech-actions{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:.4rem;margin-top:.55rem}
.speech-actions button{cursor:pointer}.speech-actions button:disabled{opacity:.55;cursor:not-allowed}
.speech-panel :focus-visible{outline:3px solid var(--accent);outline-offset:3px}
#speech-status{font-size:.85rem;min-height:1.2em;color:var(--muted);margin:.3rem 0 0}
html[data-reader-focus="true"] .speech-panel{display:block}
html[data-reader-contrast="high"] .article-primary .how-to-cite{background:#000;color:#fff}
html[data-reader-contrast="dark"] .article-primary .how-to-cite{background:#213144;color:#eff4fa}


/* v0.4.2: sidebar alignment, visible section icons, and resilient speech layout. */

.article-sidebar{padding-top:2.2rem}
.article-sidebar > *{min-width:0}
@media(max-width:850px){.article-sidebar{padding-top:0}}

.panel-title{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:.5rem}
.panel-heading-icon{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:1.35rem;min-width:1.35rem;height:1.35rem;font-size:1rem;line-height:1}
.panel-summary-label{vertical-align:middle}
.reader-panel summary,.article-toc summary{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:.5rem}
.reader-panel summary::-webkit-details-marker,.article-toc summary::-webkit-details-marker{margin-inline-end:.4rem}

.speech-panel{overflow:hidden}
.speech-controls,.speech-actions{min-width:0}
.speech-controls > *{min-width:0}
.speech-controls select,.speech-controls label,.speech-actions button{width:100%;max-width:100%;min-width:0}
.speech-controls select{overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap}
@media(max-width:1180px){.article-sidebar .speech-actions{grid-template-columns:1fr}}

.article-sidebar .reader-panel details,
.article-sidebar .speech-panel,
.article-sidebar .article-toc,
.article-sidebar .editorial-details,
.article-sidebar .license,
.article-sidebar .rights{background:var(--paper)}

/* v0.4.3 — author contact, compact identification, speech panel and accessible highlighting. */
.author-country{font-weight:400;color:var(--muted);font-size:.9em}
.author-email{margin:.12rem 0 .3rem;font-size:.87rem;font-weight:400;overflow-wrap:anywhere}
.article-sidebar .editorial-details{font-size:calc(1em - 2px)}
.speech-panel{padding:.5rem .85rem}
.speech-panel details{min-width:0}
.speech-panel summary{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:.5rem;cursor:pointer;font-weight:650;list-style:disclosure-closed}
.speech-panel details[open] summary{margin-bottom:.8rem}
.speech-panel summary:focus-visible{outline:3px solid var(--accent);outline-offset:3px}
.speech-controls select,.speech-actions button{min-width:0;width:100%;max-width:100%}
.speech-reading{outline:2px solid var(--accent);outline-offset:3px;background:color-mix(in srgb,var(--accent) 11%,var(--bg));border-radius:.2rem}
html[data-reader-contrast="high"] .speech-reading{outline-color:#ffea00;background:#333}
html[data-reader-contrast="dark"] .speech-reading{background:#334a60}
@media(max-width:1180px){.article-sidebar .speech-actions{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr)}}
/* V01: display MathML, including a solitary equation in a legacy paragraph. */
.scholarly-article .fulltext math[display="block"] {
  display:block;
  width:fit-content;
  max-width:100%;
  margin:1.25rem auto;
  overflow-x:auto;
  text-align:center;
}
.scholarly-article .fulltext :is(p,div):has(> math:only-child) {
  text-align:center;
  max-width:100%;
  overflow-x:auto;
}
.scholarly-article .fulltext :is(p,div):has(> math:only-child) > math {
  display:inline-block;
  max-width:100%;
  vertical-align:middle;
}

/* v0.4.4. Fix the --paper token on body, where reader preferences set theme colors. */
html[data-reader-contrast="high"] body.scholarly-article{--paper:#000;color-scheme:dark}
html[data-reader-contrast="dark"] body.scholarly-article{--paper:#213144;color-scheme:dark}
html[data-reader-contrast="high"] body.scholarly-article :is(.editorial-details,.reader-panel details,.speech-panel,.article-toc,.rights,.license,.article-section-top,.uploaded-footer-box){background:#000;color:#fff;border-color:#fff}
html[data-reader-contrast="dark"] body.scholarly-article :is(.editorial-details,.reader-panel details,.speech-panel,.article-toc,.rights,.license,.article-section-top,.uploaded-footer-box){background:#213144;color:#eff4fa;border-color:#718096}
html[data-reader-contrast="high"] body.scholarly-article :is(.reader-panel,.speech-panel,.article-toc,.editorial-details,.rights,.license) :is(h2,h3,summary,label,strong,p,span){color:inherit}
html[data-reader-contrast="dark"] body.scholarly-article :is(.reader-panel,.speech-panel,.article-toc,.editorial-details,.rights,.license) :is(h2,h3,summary,label,strong,p,span){color:inherit}
html[data-reader-contrast="high"] body.scholarly-article .article-section-top{border-inline-start-color:#ffea00}
html[data-reader-contrast="dark"] body.scholarly-article .article-section-top{border-inline-start-color:#98d4ff}

/* 0.4.5: link emphasis beyond the full text, excluding interactive controls. */
html[data-reader-links="true"] body.scholarly-article
:is(.article-head,.editorial-details,.author-entry,.license,.rights,.how-to-cite,.article-section-top,.uploaded-footer-box,.article-toc) a {
  text-decoration:underline 2px !important;
  text-underline-offset:.16em;
}
html[data-reader-links="true"] body.scholarly-article .id-icon {
  outline:2px solid currentColor;
  outline-offset:2px;
}
@media print {
  .skip-to-content,.reader-panel,.speech-panel,.article-toc,.print-actions {display:none !important}
  body.scholarly-article{background:#fff !important;color:#111 !important;font-size:11pt}
  .shell{max-width:none}
  main{padding:0}
  .article-layout{display:block}
  .article-sidebar{padding:0;margin-top:1.2rem}
  .article-sidebar .editorial-details{border:1px solid #bbb}
  .article-primary,.article-sidebar{max-width:100%;width:100%}
  .article-head,.abstract,.how-to-cite,.references,.biographies{break-inside:avoid-page}
  .fulltext img,.uploaded-footer-box img{max-width:100% !important}
  .fulltext table{max-width:100%;overflow:visible}
  a{color:#111 !important;text-decoration:underline}
  .speech-reading{outline:none;background:transparent}
  html{font-size:100% !important}
}
.print-actions{max-width:1300px;margin:0 auto .75rem;text-align:end}
.print-actions button{font:inherit;border:1px solid var(--border);border-radius:.3rem;padding:.35rem .75rem;background:var(--paper);color:var(--ink);cursor:pointer}

/* v0.4.7: accessible icon controls and responsive reading panel */
.speech-actions{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:.4rem}
.speech-actions button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;min-width:0;width:100%;padding:.35rem;min-height:2.75rem}
.speech-button-icon{display:inline-block;font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1;font-family:system-ui,sans-serif}
.speech-panel #speech-status{font-size:.75rem;line-height:1.4;overflow-wrap:anywhere}
.speech-panel #speech-position{font-size:.8rem;line-height:1.35;min-height:2.3rem}
.speech-panel .speech-reading-preview{font-size:.78rem;line-height:1.4}
/* Consistent visible state indicator independent of user-agent marker styles. */
.article-toc summary,.reader-panel summary,.speech-panel summary{position:relative;padding-inline-end:1.25rem;cursor:pointer}
.article-toc summary::marker,.reader-panel summary::marker,.speech-panel summary::marker{content:''}
.article-toc summary::-webkit-details-marker,.reader-panel summary::-webkit-details-marker,.speech-panel summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}
.article-toc summary::after,.reader-panel summary::after,.speech-panel summary::after{content:'';position:absolute;inset-inline-end:.2rem;top:50%;width:.48rem;height:.48rem;border-inline-end:2px solid currentColor;border-bottom:2px solid currentColor;transform:translateY(-65%) rotate(45deg);transition:transform .15s ease}
.article-toc details[open] > summary::after,.reader-panel details[open] > summary::after,.speech-panel details[open] > summary::after{transform:translateY(-30%) rotate(225deg)}
.print-actions .print-link{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:.45rem;text-decoration:none;font-size:.92rem;padding:.25rem .4rem;border-radius:.25rem;max-width:100%}
.print-actions .print-link:hover,.print-actions .print-link:focus-visible{text-decoration:underline}
.print-actions .pdf-symbol{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;font-weight:750;font-size:.64rem;line-height:1;width:2.1rem;height:1.55rem;background:#b42318;color:#fff;border-radius:.2rem;letter-spacing:.01em}
@media(max-width:1180px){.article-sidebar .speech-actions{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr))}}
@media(max-width:400px){.speech-actions{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr))}}
@media print{.print-actions{display:none!important}}

/* v0.4.9: cover and editorial history, including print and reading themes. */
.article-cover{margin:0;border:1px solid var(--border);border-radius:var(--radius);padding:.7rem;background:var(--paper);min-width:0;text-align:center}
.article-cover img{display:block;max-width:100%;width:auto;height:auto;max-height:22rem;object-fit:contain;margin-inline:auto}
.editorial-history{border:1px solid var(--border);border-radius:var(--radius);padding:1rem 1.1rem;background:var(--paper);min-width:0}
.editorial-history h2{font-size:1.08rem;margin:0 0 .7rem}
.editorial-history dl{margin:0}
.editorial-history-row{display:grid;gap:.05rem;margin:.55rem 0}
.editorial-history-row dt{font-weight:650}
.editorial-history-row dd{margin:0;color:var(--muted)}
html[data-reader-contrast="high"] body.scholarly-article :is(.article-cover,.editorial-history){background:#000;color:#fff;border-color:#fff}
html[data-reader-contrast="dark"] body.scholarly-article :is(.article-cover,.editorial-history){background:#213144;color:#eff4fa;border-color:#718096}
html[data-reader-contrast="high"] body.scholarly-article .editorial-history-row dd{color:#fff}
html[data-reader-contrast="dark"] body.scholarly-article .editorial-history-row dd{color:#cad3df}
@media print{.article-cover{break-inside:avoid-page;padding:.3rem}.article-cover img{max-height:14cm}.editorial-history{break-inside:avoid-page}}